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Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 6)

Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 6)

The essence of clear coating lies in providing a protective layer for wood products while fully showcasing the wood’s natural grain and color. However, in the practical application of UV wood coatings, a defect known as “whitening” frequently undermines this ideal outcome. After curing, the coating film loses its intended clarity and transparency, developing a milky-white, hazy opacity that resembles a delicate mist or sheer veil. Mild whitening slightly blurs the wood grain, whereas severe whitening renders the film completely opaque, entirely obscuring the grain and giving the surface the appearance of frosted glass. Under illumination, whitened areas exhibit diffuse reflection, forfeiting the depth and luster characteristic of a well-cured coating; yet the surface remains smooth to the touch, creating a stark contrast between visual and tactile sensations. Whitening is often accompanied by reduced film hardness, significantly compromising protective performance, and is the result of complex interactions among multiple factors, including moisture interference, residual solvents, and pigment precipitation.

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2026

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Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 5)

Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 5)

UV wood coatings aim for a uniform, continuous, and perfectly smooth film; however, in actual production, a defect known as craters frequently disrupts this ideal. On the coating surface, circular depressions of varying sizes appear, often resembling regular bowls or volcanic craters, with tiny particles or contaminants typically visible at the center. The edges of these depressions are markedly raised, forming prominent annular ridges. The craters are usually isolated and differ in depth; in severe cases, they can expose the substrate directly. Under illumination, the cratered areas exhibit a distinct gloss contrast compared with the surrounding film, while the raised rims reflect a bright halo. Once formed, craters cannot be masked by subsequent coating applications—each reapplication reproduces the same defect on the fresh wet film, posing significant challenges for product rework. Although seemingly minor, these depressions result from uncontrolled paint flow caused by differences in surface tension, reflecting systemic root causes that range from environmental contamination to inadequate substrate cleanliness.

13

2026

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03

Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 4)

Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 4)

In UV wood coating applications, pinholes are a common and troublesome film defect. The coating surface is dotted with tiny, visually discernible holes—circular or elliptical in shape—with slightly raised edges and a depressed center that extends down to the underlying coating layer or even the substrate itself. When densely distributed, they resemble the marks left by needle punctures, appearing as discrete dark spots under illumination and feeling like fine depressions to the touch. In clear topcoats, pinholes readily trap dust, forming black specks; in pigmented coatings, they give rise to color variations, severely compromising both the aesthetic quality and stain resistance of the finished product. Although small, pinholes reflect a delicate imbalance between gas release during film formation and subsequent film curing, revealing the complex interplay of bubble evolution, substrate characteristics, and solvent evaporation, among other factors.

13

2026

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03

Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 3)

Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 3)

In the industrial coating of UV wood coatings, roll coating has become the preferred method for applying finishes to flat wooden products due to its high efficiency and ability to deliver uniform film application. However, a recurring coating defect often appears during roll coating: the surface of the paint film exhibits strip-like patterns that run parallel to the direction of roller movement. These patterns display distinct periodic characteristics, with spacing consistent with either the circumference of the roller or the pattern embossed onto its surface. In severe cases, the streaks are coarse and highly visible; in milder instances, one must rely on oblique lighting to discern faint, varying shades of shadow along the lines. The paint film thickness is uneven at the locations where these streaks occur—areas that protrude feel rough to the touch, while recessed areas exhibit slightly lower gloss. When applied to colored or high-gloss finishes, this phenomenon can lead to inconsistent color tones or noticeable differences in gloss, severely compromising the aesthetic appeal of the final product. The formation of roll marks is by no means accidental; rather, it stems from a complex interplay of technical factors ranging from equipment precision to coating properties.

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2026

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03

Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 2)

Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 2)

While UV wood coatings enhance the aesthetic appeal and protective performance of wooden furniture, process deviations during application often lead to a variety of surface defects. Orange peel is one such common issue: it creates regular, undulating patterns on the otherwise smooth paint film, undermining the intended silky texture of the coating. Particularly in high-gloss finishes, this orange‑peel–like texture causes light reflections to scatter haphazardly, replacing the anticipated mirror-like effect with distorted, muddled reflections. The pronounced unevenness felt upon touch further diminishes the product’s tactile quality. Behind the phenomenon of orange peel lie numerous technical nuances—ranging from the rheological properties of the coating to precise control of the application environment—each deserving thorough investigation.

11

2026

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03

Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 1)

Common Defects in UV Wood Coatings (Part 1)

In the fields of modern furniture manufacturing and wood product coating, UV wood coatings have become the preferred coating solution for numerous enterprises, thanks to their outstanding characteristics such as rapid curing speed, high production efficiency, and superior environmental performance. However, in actual production applications, UV coating is not always smooth sailing. Due to improper process control, inadequate substrate preparation, or changes in the operating environment, various coating defects frequently occur, severely impacting both the aesthetic quality and service life of products. Among these, complete delamination—a typical form of adhesion failure—is particularly insidious and highly destructive; it often only becomes apparent after coating has been completed or even after the product has been delivered, imposing substantial rework costs and reputational damage on manufacturers. Thoroughly analyzing the characteristic features, affected areas, and underlying root causes of this phenomenon is not only crucial for improving coating quality but also forms the foundation for achieving process optimization and mitigating systemic risks.

11

2026

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03

Diverse Application Methods for UV Wood Coatings

Diverse Application Methods for UV Wood Coatings

Thanks to its advantages such as rapid curing and strong environmental performance, UV wood coatings have become the mainstream material in the furniture finishing industry. Depending on the shape of the workpiece, the required surface smoothness, and the scale of production, the application methods can be categorized into three core processes: roll coating, spray coating, and dip coating. Each process complements the others in terms of operational logic, technical key points, and applicable scenarios, collectively forming a flexible system for the versatile application of UV wood coatings.

10

2026

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03

Analysis of Key Techniques in Coating UV Wood Coatings (Part 2)

Analysis of Key Techniques in Coating UV Wood Coatings (Part 2)

The precision of UV wood coating processes is not only reflected in material selection and application parameters, but also hinges on the coordinated control of equipment systems and the meticulous management of environmental parameters. This article systematically elaborates on the key technical aspects of UV wood coating from three major perspectives: equipment system control, environmental parameter management, and quality control systems, providing theoretical guidance and practical references for industry professionals.

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2026

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