News

Knowledge

Company News

Application Mind Map

Test Report

Technical Article

Industry News

Types and Properties of Inactive Diluents (Part 4)

Types and Properties of Inactive Diluents (Part 4)

This article primarily introduces ester-based inactive diluents, a class of inactive diluents within the category of non-reactive diluents. The core structure of these diluents is built around ester bonds—functional groups formed through a dehydration condensation reaction between carboxylic acids and alcohols. The main components of this group include a range of ester compounds, such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and amyl acetate. A key characteristic of these compounds is that they do not carry any active functional groups capable of directly participating in chemical reactions. Moreover, thanks to their unique molecular structures, ester-based inactive diluents generally exhibit low viscosity and excellent solubility, enabling them to mix uniformly with a variety of materials, including resins and paints.

14

2024

/

08

Types and Properties of Inactive Diluents (Part 3)

Types and Properties of Inactive Diluents (Part 3)

This article primarily introduces ether-based inactive diluents, which are organic solvents containing ether linkages—functional groups in which an oxygen atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon radicals. The main components of these ethers are various ether compounds, which typically exhibit low viscosity and excellent solubility, allowing them to mix well with resins, paints, and other materials. Since these diluents do not contain any active functional groups capable of participating in chemical reactions, their primary role during dilution is to achieve physical mixing and reduce viscosity. In addition, ether-based inactive diluents possess good volatility and stability; they can evaporate rapidly during the application process without compromising the performance of the cured product. There are many types of ether-based inactive diluents, with common examples including glycol ethers, propylene glycol ethers, and diethylene glycol ethers.

14

2024

/

08

Types and Properties of Inactive Diluents (Part 2)

Types and Properties of Inactive Diluents (Part 2)

The application of inert diluents in epoxy resins plays a critical role. They are primarily used to reduce the viscosity of the curing system and significantly enhance the resin’s flowability. Importantly, while improving the workability of epoxy resins, inert diluents do not negatively affect the fundamental properties of the cured material. This means that after adding the diluent, the cured epoxy product can still maintain its original physical and chemical properties—such as strength, hardness, and resistance to chemical corrosion—thereby ensuring the quality and reliability of the final product.

13

2024

/

08

Types and Properties of Inactive Diluents (Part 1)

Types and Properties of Inactive Diluents (Part 1)

Non-reactive diluents, also known as non-reactive diluents, inert diluents, or physical diluents, do not participate in chemical reactions during the curing process of resins or coatings. Their primary functions are to reduce the concentration of reactants, lower the viscosity of the system, improve reaction conditions, or enhance reaction efficiency, thereby making it easier to mix, apply, or process the resin or coating. These diluents typically exhibit characteristics such as inertness, stability, and chemical neutrality. During the curing process, non-reactive diluents either completely volatilize or, after curing, remain in the material as fillers without altering its chemical structure, nor affecting the reaction mechanism or the properties of the final product.

13

2024

/

08

What is a diluent?

What is a diluent?

A diluent is a liquid additive widely used in various industrial fields to reduce the viscosity or consistency of coatings, inks, adhesives, and other similar materials, thereby facilitating application and enhancing product performance. While diluents themselves do not possess adhesive properties or film-forming capabilities, they can mix readily with components such as resins or pigments in these materials, improving their flowability, lowering their viscosity, and making application smoother. Additionally, diluents help regulate key product characteristics, such as drying speed and gloss level.

12

2024

/

08

Photoinitiator System Based on Thioxanthone and Tertiary Amines

Photoinitiator System Based on Thioxanthone and Tertiary Amines

A prominent feature of hydrogen-abstraction-type photoinitiators is that they typically need to be used in conjunction with a hydrogen donor (co-initiator) in order to effectively initiate polymerization reactions. This mechanism is known as the "hydrogen-abstraction reaction," in which the photoinitiator, after absorbing light energy, becomes sufficiently reactive to abstract a hydrogen atom from another molecule (the hydrogen donor), thereby generating free radicals. The thioxanthone/tertiary amine photoinitiator system represents an important class of hydrogen-abstraction-type photoinitiators. After absorbing ultraviolet light, thioxanthone undergoes an electronic transition from its ground state to an excited state and becomes sufficiently reactive to abstract a hydrogen atom from a tertiary amine molecule.

10

2024

/

08

Photoinitiator system of benzophenone and tertiary amine

Photoinitiator system of benzophenone and tertiary amine

Benzophenone is a common hydrogen-abstraction-type photoinitiator that appears as colorless or slightly yellowish crystals. When exposed to ultraviolet light, benzophenone molecules absorb energy from the ground state and transition into an excited state. However, due to the presence of two benzene rings in its molecule, which create a relatively large free volume, benzophenone experiences significant steric hindrance and thus cannot directly initiate polymerization. To trigger the polymerization reaction, benzophenone must abstract hydrogen atoms from a hydrogen donor (such as a tertiary amine), transferring the absorbed energy to the hydrogen donor, thereby generating free radicals and initiating polymerization.

10

2024

/

08

Unique cationic photoinitiator: diaryl iodonium salts

Unique cationic photoinitiator: diaryl iodonium salts

Diphenyliodonium salts are among the most typical representatives of cationic photoinitiator iodonium salts. As a unique type of cationic photoinitiator, they undergo complex photolysis reactions upon exposure to ultraviolet or visible light, generating both superacids and active free radicals in the process. This dual capability allows them to initiate both cationic polymerization and radical polymerization. Such dual-initiation ability endows diphenyliodonium salts with broad application prospects in the field of polymer synthesis.

09

2024

/

08

< 1...130131132...153 >