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3D Printing Principles and Operation

3D Printing Principles and Operation

3D printing, also known as three-dimensional printing or additive manufacturing, is a rapid prototyping technology that builds three-dimensional objects by layering materials one by one based on digital model files. As a significant innovation in modern manufacturing, 3D printing is gradually transforming our understanding of production methods. In addition to its advantages such as rapid prototyping and high degree of customization, 3D printing is also driving the synergistic development of multiple fields, including materials science, computer-aided design, and precision engineering.

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2024

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The function of a leveling agent.

The function of a leveling agent.

A leveling agent is an additive widely used in fields such as coatings, inks, and adhesives. Its primary function is to enhance the surface flow and leveling properties of coatings. It helps these substances form a smooth, glossy, and uniform coating film during the drying and film-forming process, while also providing a variety of other important functions.

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2024

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09

What is a leveling agent?

What is a leveling agent?

A leveling agent is a chemical substance that reduces the surface tension of liquids and improves their surface properties. It is commonly used in liquid products such as coatings and paints to enhance their flowability and leveling performance. Typically, leveling agents consist of two parts: a hydrophobic group and a hydrophilic group. This amphiphilic structure enables the leveling agent to form a stable molecular layer at the liquid’s surface. The hydrophobic group—also known as the nonpolar group—tends to orient away from water molecules, while the hydrophilic group—also known as the polar group—exhibits strong affinity for water molecules or other polar solvents. This structural arrangement allows the leveling agent to effectively reduce the surface tension of the liquid, thereby improving its flowability and spreadability and lowering the liquid’s surface tension. After coating application, the leveling agent helps the coating form a uniform film on the surface, imparting it with excellent gloss and smoothness.

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2024

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Propoxy-Modified Active Diluents

Advantages and Disadvantages of Propoxy-Modified Active Diluents

Propoxy modification involves chemically introducing propoxy groups into the molecular structure of active diluents, with the aim of enhancing their performance. Generally, proppoxy modification refers to the incorporation of propoxy groups into a compound; this introduction can be achieved through chemical reactions such as esterification, etherification, and alkylation. The introduction of propoxy groups alters the original molecular structure of the compound, leading to increases in molecular weight, changes in molecular polarity, and the addition of new functional groups. These structural changes directly affect both the physical and chemical properties of the compound. The modified compound may exhibit different solubility, viscosity, reactivity, and stability characteristics. Such property modifications are often tailored to meet specific application requirements, such as improving the processability of materials or enhancing the performance of end products.

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2024

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09

Dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate

Dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate

Dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (DPHA), as a multifunctional reactive diluent, features a unique polyfunctional structure that not only reduces the viscosity of the formulation system, making the application process smoother, but also actively participates in the curing reaction, ensuring that the cured product exhibits outstanding overall performance. At the same time, DPHA’s multifunctionality enables it to deeply engage in the curing reaction, forming a tight and stable crosslinked network with other components in the system, thereby endowing these materials with enhanced adhesion, superior abrasion resistance, and exceptional chemical corrosion resistance. This comprehensive performance enhancement makes DPHA an indispensable key material in numerous high-end light-curing applications.

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2024

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Principle and Method of Propoxy Modification of Active Diluents

Principle and Method of Propoxy Modification of Active Diluents

Propoxy modification of reactive diluents is a chemical modification approach aimed at altering the physical and chemical properties of reactive diluents by introducing propoxy groups (or their related functional groups), thereby meeting specific application requirements. The introduction of propoxy groups can increase the number of active sites in the diluent, influence its ability to undergo cross-linking reactions, and consequently fine-tune the performance of the cured product—such as hardness, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance. Moreover, reactive diluents modified with propoxy groups may exhibit broader adaptability, enabling them to meet the specialized material-performance demands of various industries.

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2024

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09

Bis(trihydroxymethyl)propane tetraacrylate

Bis(trihydroxymethyl)propane tetraacrylate

Di(trimethylolpropane) tetraacrylate (DiTMPTA), as a highly efficient reactive diluent, not only significantly reduces the viscosity of the formulation and improves its flowability and penetrability during application, but also actively participates in the curing reaction, ensuring that the final product maintains outstanding performance. While delivering a high curing speed, it also enables the formation of a high cross-linking density, thereby providing UV-curable coatings and inks with faster drying times, stronger adhesion, and superior abrasion and chemical resistance.

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2024

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09

Advantages and Disadvantages of Ethoxy-Modified Active Diluents

Advantages and Disadvantages of Ethoxy-Modified Active Diluents

As a class of chemically functional substances, active diluents have long been a focal point of research aimed at optimizing their performance. With growing environmental awareness and increasing demands for superior performance, traditional active diluents have gradually revealed several drawbacks, including high volatility, poor solubility, and a limited range of viscosity adjustment. To address these challenges, scientists have turned their attention to ethoxy modification—a novel approach that seeks to significantly enhance the performance of active diluents and broaden their application scope by introducing ethoxy groups. The chemical principle underlying ethoxy modification is primarily based on the addition reaction of ethylene oxide. Under appropriate catalysts and reaction conditions, the epoxy group in an ethylene oxide molecule can open up and undergo an addition reaction with the reactive sites on the active diluent molecules, thereby forming modified products containing ethoxy chain segments.

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2024

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