Gel polish, also known as UV gel polish or phototherapy gel polish, is an upgraded nail polish that incorporates the characteristics of light-curing products. It cures upon exposure to LED-UV light, resulting in a strong and long-lasting manicure effect. As a key material in the nail industry, its outstanding performance and versatile applications have made it the mainstream choice for modern nail art. 
The main components of gel nail polish include UV resin, UV monomers, photoinitiators, color pigments, and various additives. 
Compared with traditional nail polish, gel polish has the following notable characteristics: 
1. Rapid curing 
Nail gel polish is typically cured using LED-UV light sources, which allow for rapid curing in as little as one minute, saving time. 
2. Excellent adhesion and flexibility 
Nail gel polish adheres firmly to the nail surface while maintaining sufficient flexibility to accommodate the nail’s natural curvature and withstand external impacts. 
3. High glossiness 
Once cured, gel polish forms a durable film that delivers exceptional shine and wear resistance. 
4. Low odor and low irritancy 
Consumers’ growing concerns about safety and comfort have driven continuous formulation improvements in gel nail polishes to reduce odor and irritation. Environmentally friendly gel nail polishes that are free of IBOA and HEMA are increasingly becoming the market mainstream; these products not only minimize emissions of volatile organic compounds but also significantly lower the risk of skin irritation, thereby complying with international environmental regulations. 
5. Strong durability 
Gel nail polish cures under UV light, forming a durable protective film on the nail surface that effectively prevents wear and chipping, thereby prolonging the beauty of the nails. 
As an innovative nail product, gel polish has become the mainstream choice in the nail industry thanks to its superior performance and diverse styles.

Compared with traditional nail polish, gel polish has become the mainstream choice in the nail industry due to its rapid curing, high gloss, low odor and low irritation, and superior performance. 
Its composition primarily includes the following categories of components. 
1. UV Resin 
This is the primary film-forming component of gel polish, determining its flexibility and adhesion. Commonly used UV resins include modified epoxy acrylates and polyurethane acrylates. 
2. UV monomer 
UV monomers, also known as reactive diluents, are used to adjust the viscosity and hardness of gel nail polish while participating in the curing reaction under LED-UV lamps. Common UV monomers include HEMA, HPMA, IBOA, TMPTA, PET3A, and others. 
3. Photoinitiators 
Photoinitiators are critical components in the curing process of gel nail polish. Upon absorbing ultraviolet light, they decompose to generate active free radicals, which initiate the polymerization of UV-curable resins and monomers, thereby enabling rapid curing of the gel nail polish. Commonly used photoinitiators include 184 and TPO, among others. 
IV. Additives 
To improve the performance and stability of gel nail polish, common additives include: 
1. Leveling agent, improves the smoothness of application. 
2. Defoamer: eliminates existing bubbles while inhibiting the formation of new ones. 
3. Adhesion promoter, enhances the bond between gel polish and the nail. 
4. Anti-settling agent: adjusts viscosity or prevents sedimentation. 
5. Antioxidant to extend the product’s shelf life. 
Five, color paste 
Color pigments are used to impart rich color and shine to gel nail polish. These ingredients are typically organic or inorganic pigments that deliver a wide range of vibrant hues. 
Nail gel polish can be classified according to its functions, color effects, and other characteristics. The following are some common classification methods. 
I. Classification by Function 
1. Base coat: enhances the adhesion of gel polish to the natural nail, preventing chipping and lifting. 
2. Color gel provides color and decorative effects and is the core product of gel nail polish. 
3. Strengthening gel to increase nail thickness, repair thin and soft nails, or extend nails. 
4. Extension glue, used for gel nails and acrylic nail extensions. 
5. Sealing coatings, protective color coatings, enhance gloss and improve wear resistance. They can be categorized into no-wash sealing coatings, scrub-resistant sealing coatings, tempered sealing coatings, crystal-plating sealing coatings, and matte sealing coatings, among others. 
II. Classification by Color and Effect 
1. Solid-color gel offers a wide range of pure shades and is the most commonly used product in nail salons, making it an essential choice for creating solid-color nail designs. 
2. Glitter glue, containing glitter or shimmering powder, can create a striking, eye-catching sparkling effect. 
3. Snake-pattern gel polish: This is a type of gel nail polish that creates a snake-like pattern through the use of a special dotting tool, producing a unique effect. While the application process is complex, the end result is striking. 
4. Fluorescent glue emits a vivid fluorescence under ultraviolet light. 
5. Luminous glue: it absorbs light and then glows in the dark. 
6. Cat’s-eye glue: When used with a magnetic tool, it creates a cat’s-eye-like texture, resulting in a narrow, bright, reflective band on the surface that shifts in response to changes in ambient light. 
7. Gradient gel: the color exhibits a gradient effect depending on the viewing angle. 
As such, gel polishes come in a wide variety of types, each suited to different needs and occasions. When choosing, consider your personal preferences and practical requirements to ensure the best possible results.

Base coat for gel nail polish is an indispensable foundational material in modern nail art systems, with its performance directly influencing the longevity and safety of the manicure. As the crucial intermediary that bonds the natural nail to the color gel, the base coat’s properties have a direct impact on both the durability and aesthetic appeal of the manicure; therefore, selecting the right base coat is of paramount importance. 
Nail polish base coats are primarily composed of UV resin, UV monomers, photoinitiators, and other ingredients. Under LED-UV light irradiation, the photoinitiators absorb energy, triggering a chemical reaction that cross-links the UV monomers with the UV resin to form a three-dimensional network structure, thereby achieving curing. 
The primary functions of a base coat include enhancing adhesion, protecting the nail, and improving the smoothness of the nail surface. Adhesion is the foremost indicator of base-coat quality; a high-quality base coat should form a uniform, strong bond on various nail types. Curing time is another critical parameter, typically maintained between 60 and 120 seconds to ensure both operational efficiency and optimal curing results. In terms of protection, the base coat creates an isolating barrier between the nail and the color polish, preventing pigment from the color polish from penetrating the nail plate. Safety is a fundamental requirement for base-coat products; premium base coats must pass safety tests for heavy metals, allergens, and other harmful substances and comply with relevant cosmetic-safety standards. 
When selecting a base coat, consider the type of nail plate, the application environment, and the desired outcome. For thin, soft nails, it is recommended to choose a base coat with strengthening ingredients; for oily nails, opt for a product with enhanced adhesion. 
Proper application is key to ensuring the primer’s effectiveness. Before use, thoroughly clean the nail surface to remove oil and moisture. When applying, use an appropriate amount to ensure an even, thin coat. Curing time must be strictly adhered to as specified in the product instructions. 
As a foundational product in nail art, primer plays an indispensable role. With growing awareness of environmental protection and health, gel nail primers are increasingly being developed to be more eco-friendly and less irritating. For instance, the use of bio-based resins is on the rise, which not only reduces environmental impact but also enhances product safety and user comfort. 
With continuous technological advancements, base coats for gel nail polish will become more environmentally friendly and efficient, opening up broader prospects for the nail industry. 
Bossin is a fully integrated enterprise specializing in the R&D, production, sales, and technical services of new photocurable materials. In the field of gel polish base coats, the company has launched a range of photocurable resin products to meet the needs of various application scenarios. 
1. B-2016 
B-2016 is a high-molecular-weight polyester acrylate that exhibits excellent adhesion to nails, low heat of polymerization, and outstanding flexibility of the cured film. 
2. B-2018 
B-2018 is an aliphatic polyurethane acrylate that exhibits excellent adhesion to nails, as well as outstanding flexibility and water resistance in the cured film. 
3. B-02 
B-02 is a phosphoric ester acrylate with an acid value of approximately 100; when added at about 1%, it can enhance adhesion to the nail.

As the core material of the modern nail-art industry, gel polish and color gel have a development history that reflects the seamless integration of materials science and beauty art. 
Nail polish gel and color gel are formulated as a precision system comprising photopolymerizable resins, reactive monomers, photoinitiators, pigments, and functional additives. Among these components, oligomeric resins provide the primary film-forming properties; reactive monomers modulate viscosity and reaction activity; photoinitiators ensure efficient curing; and the pigment system delivers a wide range of color expressions. 
In formulation design, the synergistic effects among the various components are critical. The resin-to-monomer ratio influences the flexibility and hardness of the coating, the type and dosage of the photoinitiator determine the curing efficiency, and the use of dispersants and leveling agents ensures uniform pigment dispersion and smooth coating finish. 
Color gel, as an essential decorative material in nail art, offers a variety of unique embellishing effects that can meet diverse client preferences and creative nail design concepts. Below are some of the most common distinctive decorative effects achieved with color gel: 
1. A wide range of color options 
Color gel offers a wide range of options, from classic color palettes to trendy, on-trend shades—such as timeless reds, pinks, and nudes, as well as popular metallics, neon hues, and pearlescent tones. These colors not only meet everyday manicure needs but also allow you to express your unique style at special occasions like parties and weddings. 
2. Unique Patterns and Textures 
Color gel can be used to create a wide variety of designs and textures, such as flowers, stars, geometric patterns, and gradient effects. By employing different application techniques and tools, nail artists can produce unique artistic results, making each manicure more expressive and personalized. 
3. High Gloss and Texture 
Colored gel polishes typically boast excellent shine and texture, giving the nail surface a mirror-like finish. This high-gloss effect not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of the manicure but also elevates its overall fashion-forward vibe. 
4. Special-effect colored film 
Glitter gel: Contains fine glitter particles that create a sparkling effect on the nails. 
Pearl gel: Features a soft, pearly sheen, perfect for creating understated yet luxurious nail designs. 
Cat’s Eye Gel: Utilizes a special magnetic technology to create a distinctive cat’s eye texture. 
Glow-in-the-dark glue: emits a faint glow in the dark, perfect for parties or special occasions. 
5. Gradient and Blending Effects 
Color gel can create soft, seamless color transitions through gradient or blending techniques. This effect not only adds depth and dimension to nail art but also showcases a distinctive artistic style. 
6. Three-dimensional decorative effect 
Colored gel can also be combined with other decorative materials, such as crystal rhinestones, sequins, and 3D appliqués. Thanks to the adhesive properties of colored gel, these embellishments adhere securely to the nails, enhancing the nail art’s dimensionality and visual impact. 
7. Environmental Protection and Healthiness 
Colored gel polishes typically use eco-friendly resins and pigments, making them non-toxic, odorless, and gentle on nails and skin. This environmental friendliness not only safeguards clients’ health but also aligns with the current development trends in the modern nail industry. 
With its diverse and unique decorative effects, colored gel polish can meet the needs of various clients, opening up endless possibilities for nail art design. 
Bossin is a fully integrated enterprise specializing in the R&D, production, sales, and technical services of new photocurable materials. In the field of gel nail polish and color gel, the company has launched a range of photocurable products to meet the needs of various application scenarios. 
1. B-166A 
B-166A is a modified epoxy acrylate that offers excellent adhesion, outstanding flexibility, and high cost-effectiveness. 
2. B-296 
B-296 is a difunctional aliphatic polyurethane acrylate with a high double-bond content, fast curing speed, excellent yellowing resistance, and superior chemical resistance. 
3. B-27 
B-27 is a highly efficient amine-based photoinitiator that exhibits no post-cure yellowing, is halogen-free, has low odor and low volatility, and enables rapid LED-UV curing. The cured film is soft and can be used as a flexible monomer. 
4. HPMA 
HPMA, or hydroxypropyl methacrylate, is a monofunctional UV-curable monomer characterized by low odor and low irritancy, making it a suitable replacement for HEMA as a diluent monomer in gel nail polishes.

Top coat gel, as a crucial component of the nail-art system, plays an irreplaceable role in contemporary nail art. This specially formulated gel not only provides the final glossy protection for the manicure but also serves as the core factor that determines its durability and aesthetic appeal. 
The topcoat gel for nail polish utilizes an advanced polymer formulation, primarily composed of UV-curable resin, reactive diluent, and photoinitiator. Among these components, the UV-curable resin determines the fundamental performance of the topcoat, the reactive diluent adjusts the viscosity, and the photoinitiator ensures rapid curing upon exposure to specific wavelengths of ultraviolet light. 
During the curing process, the sealant undergoes a chemical transformation from a liquid to a solid state. Ultraviolet irradiation triggers the decomposition of the photoinitiator, generating free radicals that promote cross-linking and polymerization of the resin molecules, thereby forming a dense cured film. This process typically completes within 60 seconds under LED illumination. 
Topcoat nail polish adhesives are mainly classified into the following types. 
1. Scrubbing the sealant layer 
After curing, a layer of surface tack may remain, which must be wiped away with alcohol to remove the residual oil. Its advantages include high and long-lasting gloss, delivering superior nail-art results. It is ideal for nail designs that demand exceptional shine, though the application process is relatively complex. 
2. No-wash sealing layer 
After curing, the surface is clean and smooth, requiring no buffing—making application even simpler. However, the gloss tends to fade over time. This makes it ideal for nail salons that prioritize convenience, especially for beginners or clients with limited time. 
3. Matte Sealing Layer 
It creates a matte finish on the surface of the manicured nails, making it ideal for clients who prefer a matte texture or personalized nail designs. 
The performance indicators of sealant adhesives include gloss, hardness, abrasion resistance, and yellowing resistance. 
1. Glossiness and Wear Resistance 
High-quality top coats should exhibit high gloss (except for matte top coats), forming a mirror-like finish upon curing, while also offering excellent wear resistance and scratch resistance to prolong the longevity of the manicure. 
2. Curing Characteristics 
The curing speed and curing performance of the top coat directly affect the quality of the manicure. An ideal top coat should cure completely in a short time while generating minimal heat during the process, thereby minimizing thermal damage to the nails. 
3. Yellowing Resistance and Alcohol Resistance 
The seal coat adhesive should exhibit excellent resistance to yellowing, preventing discoloration due to exposure to light or oxidation over long-term use. Additionally, alcohol resistance is a critical consideration, as alcohol-based solvents are often used in routine cleaning. 
4. Storage Stability 
The seal coat binder shall remain stable during storage, with no sedimentation, layering, or degradation, to ensure its performance in service. 
As a crucial component of the nail polish gel system, advancements in topcoat technology directly influence the development of the nail industry. With the continuous emergence of new materials and technologies, topcoats are evolving toward greater environmental friendliness, enhanced intelligence, and expanded functionality. 
Bossin is a fully integrated enterprise specializing in the R&D, production, sales, and technical services of novel photocurable materials. In the field of top-coat gel polishes, the company has launched a range of photocurable resin products to meet the needs of various application scenarios. 
1. B-376 
B-376 is a trifunctional polyurethane acrylate that is free of organotin compounds, exhibits minimal yellowing under LED curing, offers excellent flexibility, and demonstrates good stability in topcoat adhesive formulations. 
2. B-412T-6 
B-412T-6 is a tetrafunctional polyurethane acrylate that is free of organotin compounds, cures rapidly, exhibits excellent toughness, and demonstrates good stability in nail polish topcoat systems. 
3. B-328M 
B-328M is a three-functional, matte-specific UV resin with low viscosity and low gloss, yielding a cured film with a fine, smooth, and silky feel. It is recommended for use as a frosted topcoat adhesive. 
4. B-329 
B-329 is a three-functional, matte-specific UV resin that features low odor, low irritancy, and rapid curing. The cured film exhibits a fine, smooth, and silky feel, making it highly recommended for use as a matte topcoat adhesive.