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Analysis of Key Techniques in Coating UV Wood Coatings (Part 1)

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2026-03-10 07:20

Analysis of Key Techniques in Coating UV Wood Coatings (Part 1)

As a revolutionary material in the field of modern furniture coating, UV wood coatings leverage their unique ultraviolet curing mechanism to achieve a technological leap from traditional thermal curing to photochemical curing. This article systematically outlines the key technical considerations for UV wood coating application from two core perspectives: substrate pretreatment and coating process design, providing theoretical guidance and practical references for industry professionals.

1. Substrate Pre‑Treatment

Pre‑treatment of the substrate is the primary step in determining coating quality. Its core objective is to eliminate surface defects on the substrate through physical and chemical methods, thereby providing an ideal adhesion base for subsequent coatings. This process must adhere to the progressive treatment principle of “moving from macro to micro, and from mechanical to chemical.”

1. Surface Cleaning and Smoothing Treatment

The surface treatment of the substrate requires the establishment of a multi‑stage sanding system: First, use hard alloy sandpaper for preliminary sanding, focusing on removing burrs, knife marks, and other macroscopic defects to create a uniform rough surface; then, employ soft sandpaper for intermediate sanding to eliminate microscopic irregularities such as finger joint seams and annual ring patterns, bringing the surface to visual smoothness; finally, perform fine sanding with ultra‑fine sandpaper to achieve a mirror‑like surface finish, thereby creating microscopic anchoring points for coating adhesion. For open‑pore finishes, it is necessary to retain an appropriate degree of wood grain porosity to enhance textural expression; in this case, special sanding techniques must be used to control pore depth and distribution density.

2. Dust Removal and Static Elimination

Surface cleaning requires the establishment of a three‑stage dust removal system combining “pneumatic, ionic, and mechanical” approaches: The first stage uses high‑pressure air blasts to remove large particulate impurities, with the airflow directed at a specific angle relative to the wood grain to prevent particles from becoming embedded; the second stage employs an ionizing air gun to neutralize surface static electricity, thereby preventing secondary adhesion of fine dust; and the third stage utilizes a sticky roller under negative pressure for final cleaning, ensuring that the surface meets dust‑free standards. For products with high gloss requirements, painting should be carried out immediately after dust removal to avoid surface moisture absorption and subsequent static charge caused by fluctuations in ambient humidity.

3. Balanced Moisture Content Control

Moisture management for base materials requires the establishment of a dynamic equilibrium system: Solid wood base materials must undergo a three‑stage treatment process—“preheating–constant humidity–slow cooling”—to ensure even moisture distribution through gradual temperature increases, thereby preventing coating defects caused by differences in moisture content between the surface and core layers. For engineered wood panel base materials, the focus should be on controlling the moisture content differential between edge banding and board core to prevent post‑construction swelling and shrinkage from leading to coating cracks. After treatment, base materials should be wrapped in moisture‑proof film and allowed to rest in a constant‑temperature, constant‑humidity environment to allow moisture distribution to stabilize.

2. Coating Process Design

UV wood coatings require the establishment of a three‑layer system consisting of “putty–primer–topcoat,” with each coat serving a distinct function and achieving performance enhancement through precise matching of material selection and process parameters.

1. Construction of the Putty Layer

The putty application process should follow a “double-layer filling plus single-layer leveling” strategy: The base coat of putty focuses on pore filling, utilizing a modified acrylic system with high filling capacity and rapid curing, achieving deep-level filling by adjusting the particle size distribution of the fillers. The topcoat of putty emphasizes surface smoothness, employing a self‑leveling epoxy resin system paired with specialized leveling agents to eliminate internal stresses within the coating film. A light sanding operation should be carried out between the two layers of putty to create a micro‑rough surface that enhances interlayer adhesion; the optimal combination of sanding pressure and sandpaper grit must be determined through experimentation.

2. Application of the Primer Layer

The primer layer must adhere to the principle of “gradual sealing”: The first coat of primer should prioritize penetration and curing, using a low-viscosity resin system. By adjusting the ratio of curing agent, the depth of penetration can be controlled, thereby establishing chemical bonds with the substrate. The intermediate primer focuses on filling properties, employing highly fillable resins in combination with nanoscale fillers to eliminate microscopic pores. The topcoat primer enhances surface hardness by utilizing a high‑crosslinking‑density resin system, providing an ideal substrate for the topcoat. After each coat of primer is applied, leveling treatment is required; by controlling conveyor belt speed and drying temperature, the coating film can be brought to its optimal leveling state.

3. Application of the Topcoat Layer

The topcoat formulation should be selected based on the desired gloss level: High-gloss topcoats utilize a combination of high‑refractive‑index resins and nanoscale matting agents, achieving a mirror-like finish through precise control of the curing speed. Excessive curing energy can cause yellowing of the coating film, while insufficient energy will compromise its hardness; matte topcoats, on the other hand, employ specialized matte powders in conjunction with a stepwise curing process to produce a uniformly matted surface. Particular attention must be paid to ensuring uniform dispersion of the powder to prevent fluctuations in gloss. For solid-color paints, a two‑stage curing process—“pre‑polymerization + post‑reinforcement”—should be employed to guarantee color consistency: the first stage involves low‑temperature pre‑polymerization to prevent pigment settling, while the second stage uses high‑temperature reinforcement to enhance the paint’s physical properties.

III. Conclusion

Substrate pretreatment and coating process design are the two cornerstone pillars of UV wood coating application technology. The former lays the adhesive foundation for the coating by eliminating substrate defects, while the latter achieves performance enhancement through layered application. To gain a competitive edge in today’s fiercely competitive market, we must deeply understand the interplay between material properties and process parameters, and establish a comprehensive quality system that spans from raw material inspection to process control.

Disclaimer: The above content is sourced from the internet and is for reference only; if any infringement occurs, please contact us and we will remove it as soon as possible.

Boxing Recommended Products – UV Wood Coatings
Putty primer
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-113	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, high fullness, containing 20% TPGDA.
B-520	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, high gloss, excellent wettability, and cost-effective.
B-522	Polyester acrylate	Low shrinkage, excellent flexibility, strong adhesion, and high cost performance.
Sanding Primer
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-113	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, high fullness, containing 20% TPGDA.
B-160D	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility, yellowing resistance, and strong adhesion.
B-163	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility, excellent pigment wetting, and strong adhesion.
B-520	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, high gloss, excellent wettability, and cost-effective.
B-522	Polyester acrylate	Low shrinkage, excellent flexibility, strong adhesion, and high cost performance.
Primer
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-02	Phosphate ester acrylate	Enhance adhesion to substrates such as metal, glass, and plastic.
B-05	Phosphate ester acrylate	Enhance adhesion to substrates such as metal, glass, and plastic.
B-113	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, high fullness, containing 20% TPGDA.
B-165	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility and strong adhesion.
B-522	Polyester acrylate	Low shrinkage, excellent flexibility, strong adhesion, and high cost performance.
B-535	Polyester acrylate	Good adhesion, fast curing, excellent flexibility, and yellowing resistance.
B-546	Polyester acrylate	Good adhesion, fast curing, and excellent flexibility.
White primer
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-113	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, high fullness, containing 20% TPGDA.
B-160D	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility, yellowing resistance, and strong adhesion.
B-520	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, high gloss, excellent wettability, and cost-effective.
B-522	Polyester acrylate	Low shrinkage, excellent flexibility, strong adhesion, and high cost performance.
B-529	Polyester acrylate	Good adhesion, low shrinkage, and excellent resin compatibility.
B-560	Polyester acrylate	Fast curing and excellent pigment wetting.
Glossy topcoat
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-113	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, high fullness, containing 20% TPGDA.
B-163	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility, excellent pigment wetting, and strong adhesion.
B-165	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility and strong adhesion.
B-21C	Active amine photoinitiator	Low color, antioxidant and polymerization inhibitor, enhanced curing rate
B-301	Aromatic Polyurethane Acrylate	Fast curing, good toughness, and excellent grindability.
B-302	Aromatic Polyurethane Acrylate	Fast curing, high strength, good toughness, and excellent grindability.
B-574C	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, low odor, good wettability, suitable for LED UV applications.
B-601	Aromatic Polyurethane Acrylate	High hardness, scratch resistance, chemical resistance, and high cost performance.
B-609	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Fast curing, high hardness, scratch resistance, and chemical resistance.
B-868	Organosilicon Photocurable Resin	Good leveling, smooth finish, fast curing, and stain resistance.
B-868H	Organosilicon Photocurable Resin	Good leveling, smooth finish, fast curing, and stain resistance.
B-910A2	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low viscosity, yellowing resistance, chemical resistance, and steel wool resistance.
B-912	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Fast curing, high hardness, good toughness, and excellent chemical and abrasion resistance.
Matte finish paint
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-160D	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility, yellowing resistance, and strong adhesion.
B-163	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility, excellent pigment wetting, and strong adhesion.
B-21C	Active amine photoinitiator	Low color, antioxidant and polymerization inhibitor, enhanced curing rate
B-328M	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low gloss, low viscosity, good wettability, pleasant to the touch.
B-328R	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low gloss, excellent matting effect, good wetting properties, and a fine, smooth hand feel.
B-333	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low viscosity, good matting effect, excellent wettability, and good flexibility.
B-572	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, low odor, good wettability, suitable for LED UV applications.
B-650A	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low viscosity, good matting effect, fast curing, and excellent wettability.
B-868	Organosilicon Photocurable Resin	Good leveling, smooth finish, fast curing, and stain resistance.
B-868H	Organosilicon Photocurable Resin	Good leveling, smooth finish, fast curing, and stain resistance.
B-910A2	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low viscosity, yellowing resistance, chemical resistance, and steel wool resistance.
B-912	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Fast curing, high hardness, good toughness, and excellent chemical and abrasion resistance.
Bright white paint
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-113	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, high fullness, containing 20% TPGDA.
B-160D	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility, yellowing resistance, and strong adhesion.
B-301	Aromatic Polyurethane Acrylate	Fast curing, good toughness, and excellent grindability.
B-302	Aromatic Polyurethane Acrylate	Fast curing, high strength, good toughness, and excellent grindability.
B-560	Polyester acrylate	Fast curing and excellent pigment wetting.
B-574C	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, low odor, good wettability, suitable for LED UV applications.
B-601	Aromatic Polyurethane Acrylate	High hardness, scratch resistance, chemical resistance, and high cost performance.
B-868	Organosilicon Photocurable Resin	Good leveling, smooth finish, fast curing, and stain resistance.
B-868H	Organosilicon Photocurable Resin	Good leveling, smooth finish, fast curing, and stain resistance.
B-912	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Fast curing, high hardness, good toughness, and excellent chemical and abrasion resistance.
Adherent
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-05	Phosphate ester acrylate	Enhance adhesion to substrates such as metal, glass, and plastic.
B-509B	Polyester acrylate	Good adhesion, excellent flexibility, and excellent pigment wetting.
B-531	Polyester acrylate	Good adhesion, impact resistance, excellent flexibility, and yellowing resistance.
B-535	Polyester acrylate	Good adhesion, fast curing, excellent flexibility, and yellowing resistance.
B-546	Polyester acrylate	Good adhesion, fast curing, and excellent flexibility.
B-590	Polyester acrylate	Good adhesion, fast curing, and excellent pigment wetting.
Filler type
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-113	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, high fullness, containing 20% TPGDA.
B-520	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, high gloss, excellent wettability, and cost-effective.
B-522	Polyester acrylate	Low shrinkage, excellent flexibility, strong adhesion, and high cost performance.
B-529	Polyester acrylate	Good adhesion, low shrinkage, and excellent resin compatibility.
Retouch color
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-560	Polyester acrylate	Fast curing and excellent pigment wetting.
Hardened
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-113	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, high fullness, containing 20% TPGDA.
B-301	Aromatic Polyurethane Acrylate	Fast curing, good toughness, and excellent grindability.
B-302	Aromatic Polyurethane Acrylate	Fast curing, high strength, good toughness, and excellent grindability.
B-560	Polyester acrylate	Fast curing and excellent pigment wetting.
B-574C	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, low odor, good wettability, suitable for LED UV applications.
B-601	Aromatic Polyurethane Acrylate	High hardness, scratch resistance, chemical resistance, and high cost performance.
B-912	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Fast curing, high hardness, good toughness, and excellent chemical and abrasion resistance.
Matte
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-328M	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low gloss, low viscosity, good wettability, pleasant to the touch.
B-328R	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low gloss, excellent matting effect, good wetting properties, and a fine, smooth hand feel.
B-329D	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low irritation, low viscosity, excellent wettability, and pleasant to the touch.
B-333	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low viscosity, good matting effect, excellent wettability, and good flexibility.
B-650A	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low viscosity, good matting effect, fast curing, and excellent wettability.
Solid-color paint
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-519	Self‑Curing Polyester Acrylate	Self‑initiated Photocuring Performance
B-530	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, excellent hydrophobicity, thixotropic properties, and improved ink mist.
B-560	Polyester acrylate	Fast curing and excellent pigment wetting.
Yellowing resistance
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-160D	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility, yellowing resistance, and strong adhesion.
B-431	Alicyclic Specialty Acrylates	Yellowing resistance, excellent wettability, low viscosity, fast curing.
Spray coating
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-160D	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility, yellowing resistance, and strong adhesion.
Roller Coating
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-100	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, excellent chemical resistance, and rich body.
B-113	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, high fullness, containing 20% TPGDA.
B-160D	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility, yellowing resistance, and strong adhesion.
B-163	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility, excellent pigment wetting, and strong adhesion.
B-165	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility and strong adhesion.
B-520	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, high gloss, excellent wettability, and cost-effective.
B-522	Polyester acrylate	Low shrinkage, excellent flexibility, strong adhesion, and high cost performance.
Solvent-free spraying
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-251	Aromatic Polyurethane Acrylate	Fast curing, excellent flexibility, and good wetting performance with black ink pigments.
B-520	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, high gloss, excellent wettability, and cost-effective.
B-574C	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, low odor, good wettability, suitable for LED UV applications.
LED-UV
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-113	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, high fullness, containing 20% TPGDA.
B-21C	Active amine photoinitiator	Low color, antioxidant and polymerization inhibitor, enhanced curing rate
B-241	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Fast matting speed, excellent skin feel, and yellowing resistance.
B-27	Active amine photoinitiator	Low color, benzene-free, low odor, antioxidant and anti‑polymerization.
B-570	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, benzene‑free, low odor, suitable for LED UV.
B-574	Polyester acrylate	Benzene-free, low odor, and VOCs meet cigarette pack standards.
B-574C	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, low odor, good wettability, suitable for LED UV applications.
Excimer lamp
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-241	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Fast matting speed, excellent skin feel, and yellowing resistance.
Skin feel
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
B-113	Bisphenol A epoxy acrylate	High hardness, high gloss, high fullness, containing 20% TPGDA.
B-165	Modified epoxy acrylate	Good flexibility and strong adhesion.
B-241	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Fast matting speed, excellent skin feel, and yellowing resistance.
B-328M	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low gloss, low viscosity, good wettability, pleasant to the touch.
B-328R	Aliphatic polyurethane acrylate	Low gloss, excellent matting effect, good wetting properties, and a fine, smooth hand feel.
B-574C	Polyester acrylate	Low viscosity, low odor, good wettability, suitable for LED UV applications.
B-868	Organosilicon Photocurable Resin	Good leveling, smooth finish, fast curing, and stain resistance.
B-868H	Organosilicon Photocurable Resin	Good leveling, smooth finish, fast curing, and stain resistance.
Monomer Recommendations
Product Model/English Abbreviation	Product Name/Product Type	Product Features
BM2223/TPGDA	Di(propylene glycol) diacrylate	Good flexibility and low volatility.
BM2224/EO-HDDA	Ethoxylated 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate	Good adhesion to plastics, excellent dilutability, and low volatility.
BM3231/TMPTA	Trimethylolpropane triacrylate	High crosslink density, high hardness, high gloss, and excellent wear resistance.
BM3235/PET3A	Pentaerythritol triacrylate	Fast curing, high crosslink density, high hardness, and excellent chemical resistance.
BM3380/3EO-TMPTA	Ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate	More flexible and less irritating than TMPTA.
BM6261/DPHA-80	Dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate	High crosslink density, high hardness, chemical and abrasion resistance, and water resistance.
BM6263/DPHA-90	Dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate	High crosslink density, high hardness, chemical and abrasion resistance, and water resistance.

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Analysis of Key Techniques in Coating UV Wood Coatings (Part 2)

How to Choose Raw Materials for UV Wood Coatings (Part 2)