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3D Printing Overview

Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2025-04-24 Origin: Site

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In recent years, 3D printing technology has developed rapidly and has gradually become an indispensable part of modern manufacturing. According to the latest data from the "2024 3D Printing Trend Report" by Protolabs, the global 3D printing market size reached US$22.14 billion in 2023 and is expected to grow to US$57.1 billion by 2028.

China's 3D printing industry is also experiencing strong development momentum, demonstrating huge market potential and broad application prospects. According to the "2024-2029 China 3D Printing Industry Market Competition Analysis and Development Prospect Forecast Report" released by the China Industry Research Institute, China's 3D printing market is projected to reach 41.5 billion yuan in 2024.

So what is 3D printing?

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing technology, is a technology that manufactures physical parts by adding materials layer by layer based on 3D CAD models. It is a general term that includes a variety of 3D printing processes. Although these processes are very different, the key steps are the same. All 3D printing begins with creating a digital model using computer-aided design (CAD) software, making the technology inherently digital. The model is then sliced into layers by specialized software to guide the printer in layer-by-layer fabrication.

The types of 3D printing can be categorized according to the end products or the types of materials they use. According to the international standard ISO/ASTM 52900:2015 published by the ISO/TC261 Additive Manufacturing Technical Committee of the International Organization for Standardization in 2015, the 3D printing process principles can be divided into seven categories: material extrusion, binder jetting, powder bed fusion, material jetting, sheet lamination, directed energy deposition, and stereolithography.

3D printing technology is widely used in diverse fields, including jewelry, footwear, industrial design, architecture, automobiles, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, etc. Especially in the medical field, 3D printing technology is used to manufacture customized dentures, bones, joints and other medical devices, showing great potential. With the continuous maturity of technology and the expansion of application scenarios, 3D printing is poised to be applied in more fields.

Resins UV resin UV Bisphenol A Epoxy Acrylate UV Monomer Photoinitiator Monomer 3D printing

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How to Select UV Monomers

In the photo-curing formulation system, apart from UV resins and photoinitiators, UV monomers also serve as a vital component. UV monomers not only adjust the viscosity of the system but also impart or enhance different properties of the cured film, such as enhancing adhesion, improving flexibility, and increasing wear resistance. Therefore, the rational use of various monomers is also an important link in formulation design.
Bifunctional UV monomer

As the name suggests, bifunctional UV monomers are molecules containing two reactive functional groups that participate in photopolymerization reactions. These functional groups are typically acrylates or methacrylates, with acrylates dominating the current market due to their superior reactivity and cost-effectiveness. Compared to their monofunctional counterparts, bifunctional UV monomers offer several advantages: Faster curing speed,Higher crosslinking density in the cured film,Good dilution properties,Reduced volatility and lower odor.
Monofunctional UV monomers

Monofunctional UV monomers refer to those containing only one group capable of participating in the curing reaction per molecule. The types of functional groups include acrylates, methacrylates, vinyls, vinyl ethers, epoxies, etc.
3D Printing Technology Dominated by Domestic Brands

LCD photocuring 3D printing technology, also known as Mask Stereolithography (MSLA), is an emerging additive manufacturing technology. Similar to SLA and DLP technologies, LCD photocuring also solidifies liquid resin via light exposure, but its uniqueness lies in the use of an LCD screen to control the light source. This technology utilizes the imaging principle of liquid crystal displays, where computer programs provide image signals to generate selective transparent regions on the LCD screen. Under UV illumination, the light passing through these transparent areas forms UV image regions, solidifying the liquid resin exposed to them, while areas blocked by the LCD remain uncured. This process is performed layer by layer based on the predefined 3D model, with cured resin layers accumulating to build the final three-dimensional object.
The Earliest Commercialized 3D Printing Technology

SLA technology mainly uses photosensitive resin as raw material and utilizes the characteristic that liquid photosensitive resin will be rapidly cured under ultraviolet irradiation. Photosensitive resin is generally liquid, and it will immediately cause a polymerization reaction under the irradiation of ultraviolet light with a certain wavelength to complete the curing. SLA focuses ultraviolet light with a specific wavelength and intensity on the surface of the photosensitive resin, so that it solidifies point-by-point and line-by-line, ultimately forming a complete cross-sectional layer. After completing the drawing operation of one layer, the lifting table moves a layer height in the vertical direction, and then another layer is cured. Layers are stacked to form a three-dimensional object, and the formation of the pattern of each layer is controlled by the movement of the laser beam. In theory, the laser beam can move in a large space. Therefore, SLA technology can print large-sized
Second Generation Photopolymerization 3D Printing Technology

Digital Light Processing (DLP) came into being over a decade after the emergence of Stereolithography Apparatus (SLA) technology. As a variant of SLA, it bears remarkable similarities to SLA in terms of molding technology, achieving comparable effects through different approaches. This technology is also widely acknowledged in the industry as the second-generation stereolithography technology.
Seven types of 3D printing

Previously we mentioned that 3D printing can be divided into 7 categories, including material extrusion, binder jetting, powder bed fusion, material jetting, sheet lamination, directed energy deposition, and stereolithography. Below we will introduce these 7 categories in details.